Respiratory Illnesses in Kids: What to Know This Season

We are in the cold months and respiratory illnesses are on the rise, particularly in children. Currently, pediatric offices are seeing a surge in cases of influenza (flu), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), mycoplasma pneumoniae, and rhinovirus (the common cold). It’s important for parents to be aware of the symptoms, treatments, and when to seek medical care.

Common Respiratory Illnesses in Children

  1. Flu: The flu is a contagious viral infection that affects the respiratory system. Symptoms include fever, cough, sore throat, body aches, fatigue, and sometimes vomiting. If caught early, antivirals can be prescribed to reduce the severity and duration of the illness. However, antivirals should only be given if symptoms started within 48 hours and are recommended for certain high-risk groups, such as young children, the elderly, or those with underlying health conditions such as asthma and diabetes.

  2. RSV: RSV is a common virus that typically causes cold-like symptoms but can lead to more serious respiratory issues, especially in infants and young children. RSV symptoms include a runny nose, cough, and fever, but it can also cause wheezing and difficulty breathing. RSV often peaks around days 5 to 7 of illness, and while most children recover with supportive care, severe cases may require hospitalization. Symptoms from RSV can last 4-6 weeks.

  3. Mycoplasma Pneumoniae: Mycoplasma is a type of bacteria that causes cough, bronchitis, and in some cases pneumonia. It can be self-limiting in many cases, but if symptoms persist or worsen, antibiotics may be necessary, especially if the child develops pneumonia.

  4. Rhinovirus (Common Cold): Rhinovirus is the main cause of the common cold, characterized by a stuffy nose, cough, and mild fever. Moderate cold symptoms can last for several days but typically improve within 3-4 weeks.

For most respiratory illnesses, supportive care is essential in helping children recover. This includes rest, hydration, cool mist humidifier, nasal saline spray, and honey for children over 12 months.

If your child develops any severe symptoms, such as difficulty breathing, persistent high fever, or if symptoms do not improve, call our office for an appointment. Early intervention can make a significant difference, especially in the case of more severe illnesses like RSV or influenza.